Ressources

Article : Energy transition: an approach from scientific features to societal issues

This article presents the experience conducted by researchers at the University of Lille on the technical, scientific and societal issues of the energy transition. Thanks to an academic chair on Energy Transition and an «open laboratory», cross-disciplinary views from the academic world, industry, civil society, local authorities and associations were raised and encouraged. The objective is to identify methods for implementing the energy transition that take into account citizens' aspirations, environmental constraints and technological limitation altogether.

Betty Lemaire-Semail, Pascal Roussel, Aude Nanquette, Alain Bouscayrol 

Découvrir l'article (PDF- 589 Ko)

Article : Piezoelectric Polymer Characterization Setup for Active Energy Harvesting

Piezoelectric polymers, such as poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), offer a sustainable alternative to traditional ceramic-based energy harvesters, addressing concerns regarding environmental impact and resource scarcity. The energy harvesting ability of these PVDFs under various mechanical constraints has been widely investigated. To determine the power output of the material, most of the studies usually use the same electrical setup: the piezoelectric material is in series with a load resistor and the voltage is measured at the resistor's terminals. This usual “passive” method of measurement can underestimate the optimal value of energy harvesting ability. To accurately assess the energy harvesting potential of PVDF, a novel “active” measurement method is proposed. This method involves the simultaneous application of both mechanical and electrical stimuli to the PVDF film, enabling precise control and optimization of the energy harvesting process. To validate this approach, the structural and electrical properties of the stretched PVDF were initially characterized to produce a datasheet. Subsequently, the energy harvesting performance was investigated using both “passive” and “active” methods. The results demonstrated a significant enhancement in power output, with the “active” method yielding up to 3.2 times higher values compared with the “passive” method. This finding highlights the importance of employing advanced measurement techniques to accurately characterize the energy harvesting capabilities of piezoelectric materials.

Lapeyronie Cédric, Kaci Anis, Barrau Sophie, Giraud Frédéric

Découvrir l'article

Article : Impact of the User Charging Practice on the Battery Aging in an Electric Vehicle

This paper studies how the user charging practice affects battery degradation over time. To achieve this objective, a system oriented simplified aging model based on the literature is proposed. The differential calculation of the capacity loss is used for infinitesimal variations. The model inputs are the battery state of charge, the battery temperature and the cumulative number of full equivalent cycles. The output is the battery state of health. This model is identified and validated with experimental aging tests from the Renault Zoe 41kWh battery manufacturer. The battery model (electro-thermal and aging) interconnects with the vehicle traction model complete the system model. The battery electro-thermal and traction models are also validated with measurements on the studied vehicle. The Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) formalism organizes in a unified way the interconnections of all the sub-system models. The impact of the charging interval and SoC on the battery aging is then studied. Five charging scenarios are studied by simulation while keeping the driving phases and the charging current the same. In these conditions, the average SoC is the main contributor for the battery aging. Compared to daily charge of the EV, a charge every 4 days extends the time to reach 80% of state of health by 36% due to lower average SoC. The daily driving distance is fixed for every studied scenario.

Alla Ndiaye, Ronan German, Alain Bouscayrol, M. Gaetani-Liseo, Pascal Venet, Elodie Castex 

Découvrir l'article

Article : Integrating top-down and bottom-up approaches in energy transition: Assessing the social acceptability and overall accessibility of e-mobility by commuters of a university campus.

Addressing global warming, especially in the mobility sector, requires a comprehensive response due to its substantial contribution to greenhouse gas emissions in developed countries. The University of Lille is committed to environmental stewardship, conducting regular five-year carbon assessments, revealing that over half of its greenhouse gas emissions originate from home-university mobility. [1,2]

To address transportation-related environmental challenges, the CUMIN research program (University Campus with Innovative and Carbon Neutral Mobility) transforms the Cité Scientifique into a living lab. The initiative aims to shift transportation methods towards sustainability, ultimately reducing the university's GHG emissions and promoting environmentally conscious mobility [3].

To better understand campus accessibility intricacies, the CUMIN program uses isochronous maps as analytical tools. These maps reveal the crucial role of convenience in transportation decisions. Through a GIS-based accessibility analysis, the study evaluates access to community facilities in medium-sized urban areas. Isochronous analyses outline time areas for each transportation mode, offering insights into challenges for some campus users. This mapping explains why some users, despite acknowledging sustainability goals, struggle to refrain from thermal car usage. These assessments drive innovative and sustainable solutions, contributing to a comprehensive understanding and enhancement of accessibility [4].

Within the CUMIN framework, the SARA (Social Acceptability of electric vehicles in Restricted Areas) project focuses on community involvement in sustainable mobility. SARA adopts participatory methodologies, engaging campus users through a survey and aligning interviewee data on commuting habits with aforesaid maps. It uses a blend of bottom-up and top-down strategies to effectively address environmental challenges. The research explores commuters' motivations, perceptions of electric vehicles, opinions on sustainable mobility solutions, and potential barriers. The goal is to formulate targeted strategies addressing diverse perspectives and challenges within the campus community for a sustainable energy transition.

This paper introduces an innovative method to assess the social acceptability of mobility transition before decision-making, ensuring sustainability. The SARA project involves volunteer students and staff in interviews, allowing them to experience Lille University's electric vehicle and provide insights into technical aspects such as brakes or comfort. This participatory approach gathers immediate feedback to understand how firsthand experiences may catalyze shifts in opinions, encouraging a transition from thermal to electric vehicles. This also contributes to experiential learning in sustainability [5].

In summary, the University of Lille's research aims for carbon-neutral campus mobility, innovatively collecting data later useful to design comprehensive and sustainable incentive measures for sustainable commuting. Beyond understanding challenges, the focus is on assessing social acceptability in mobility transitions, with insights from the SARA project extending beyond the university, influencing broader transportation practices. The goal is to transform perceptions and practices, emphasizing the critical role of social acceptability in ensuring the success of sustainable mobility initiatives.

Lucie Juncker, Pr. Elodie Castex, Pr. Alain Bouscayrol

Découvrir l'article

Références :

Direction Développement Durable et Responsabilité Sociale, Université de Lille, 2023 : « Enquête Mobilité sur les déplacements des étudiant.es et personnels » : https://www.calameo.com/read/005903950c33fa2aabbf7

A. Bouscayrol et al."Electro-Mobility for CAMPus of Universities Based on Sustainability," 2019 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), Hanoi, Vietnam, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/VPPC46532.2019.8952215.

E. Masclef et al. "The electro-mobility Living Lab developed by eCAMPUS," 2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), Gijon, Spain, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330968.

Tome et al. “GIS-Based Transport Accessibility Analysis to Community Facilities in Mid-Sized Cities”, 2019, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 471.6, DOI 10.1088/1757-899X/471/6/062034

Favaloro et al. " Mind the Gap! Developing the Campus as a Living Lab for Student Experiential Learning in Sustainability", 2019. In: Leal Filho, W., Bardi, U. "Sustainability on University Campuses: Learning, Skills Building and Best Practices". World Sustainability Series. Springer: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15864-4_7